Personal Narrative- Varsity Volleyball Essay -- Personal Narrative

Personal Narrative- Varsity VolleyballI first started playing volleyball at a very young age. I was in the one-seventh grade when my volleyball career started. My sister started playing in the seventh grade and I just wanted to follow her footsteps. My seventh grade social class was ok because I had just started out and really didnt know the game. There was A aggroup and a B team, where A team was come apart than the B team. I tried my best to be on the A-team, but guess where I ended up, on the B team. No matter what team I was on I never gave up. I was so determined that my eight-grade year was going to be different. Sure enough, I ended up on the A-team in the eight-grade. I thought that was the most wonderful thing in the world I though all wrong. I did nothing but chew out the bench. I hardly e...

The Chesapeake and New England Colonies: A Comparison :: American America History

The Chesapeake and bran-new England Colonies A ComparisonDuring the late 16th century and into the 17th century, European nations quick colonized the newly discovered Americas. England in particular sent out numerous groups to the eastern coast of North America to two regions. These two regions were know as the Chesapeake and the peeled England areas. Later, in the late 1700s, these two areas would bond to become one nation. Yet from the very beginnings, both had very separate and unique identities. These differences, though very numerous, spurred from one major factor the very reason the settlers came to the New World. This affected the colonies in literally every way, including economically, socially, and politically.The Chesapeake region of the colonies included Virginia, Maryland, the New Jerseys (both eastern United States and West) and Pennsylvania. In 1607, piletown, the first English colony in the New World (that is, the first to thrive and prosper), was founded by a gro up of 104 settlers to a peninsula along the James River. These settlers hoped to find gold, silver, a northwest passage to Asia, a cure for syphilis, or any other valuables they might take back to Europe and make a profit. Lead by Captain John Smith, who outmaneuvered other members of the colonys ruling and took ruthlessly took charge (Liberty Equality Power, p. 57), a few lucky members of the original voyage survived. These survivors off to the local Powhatan Indians, who taught them the process of corn- and tobacco-growing. These staple-crops flourished throughout all five of these colonies.New England was north of the Chesapeake, and included Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Haven (which soon became part of Connecticut). The New Englanders were largely Puritan Separatists, who sought apparitional freedom. When the Church of England separated from universality under Henry VIII, Protestantism flourished in England. Some Protestants, however, w anted complete separation from Catholicism and embraced Calvinism. These Separatists as they were called, along with persecuted Catholics who had not joined the Church of England, came to New England in hopes of finding this religious freedom where they would be free to practice as they wished. Their motives were, thus, religious in nature, not economic. In fact, New England settlers reproduced much of Englands economy, with only minor variations. They did not invest largely in staple crops, instead, relied on artisan-industries like carpentry, shipbuilding, and printing.The Chesapeake and New England attracted different types of settlers and, by 1700, the populations differed enormously.

Henrik Isbens A Dolls House :: A Dolls House Essays

SynopsisThe play begins on Christmas Eve. Nora Torvald enters the quick room carrying packages. Torvald Helmer, her husband, enters. He says that she shouldnt have spent so much on Christmas gifts. He says that they have to be careful with money for now, tho that he got a promotion at the bank that will change magnitude their quality of life.Helene, their maid, says that Dr. Rank has come to visit. Also, Noras school friend, Kristine Linde, comes. The two have not seen distributively other in years. Nora tells Linde well-nigh her life. She says that Torvald had heath problems earlier in the marriage, and they had to go to Italy so he could recover.Mrs. Linde tells Nora that her husband died, leaving her with no money and no children. She wants Torvald to overprotect her a job. Nora says she will speak to Torvald, and tells her that she misappropriatedly borrowed the money to stipend for the trip to Italy. For years, she worked and saved in secret to repay the debt. Soon it wi ll be to the full repaid.Krogstad, an employee at the bank, and Dr. Rank arrive. Rank says that Krogstad is morally sick. Nora is discomfit by Krogstads presence. Torvald says that he can probably get Mrs. Linde a job at the bank. Rank, Torvald, and Linde depart. The children arrive with Anne-Marie, their nanny. Nora plays with the children until she notices Krogstad. He is revealed to be the source of the illegal loan. He says that Torvald wants to fire him. He asks Nora to try to talk Torvald out of it. Krogstad says that he will tell about the loan if he gets fired. Nora tries to get Torvald not to fire him, but he says Krogstad is immoral.On Christmas, Nora is nervous. Nora again begs Torvald not to fire Krogstad. He refuses. Torvald sends the maid to deliver Krogstads letter of dismissal.Rank arrives and tells Nora he is dying. She flirts with him. He says he is in love with her.Krogstad demands an explanation for his being fired. He tells Nora that she must get him rehired t o a higher position. He puts a letter in Torvalds letterbox detailing the illegal loan. (Nora forged her fathers signature to get it.) Nora tells Mrs. Linde everything. Mrs. Linde says to distract Torvald from the letterbox until she talks to Krogstad. Krogstad and Mrs.Henrik Isbens A Dolls House A Dolls House Essays SynopsisThe play begins on Christmas Eve. Nora Torvald enters the living room carrying packages. Torvald Helmer, her husband, enters. He says that she shouldnt have spent so much on Christmas gifts. He says that they have to be careful with money for now, but that he got a promotion at the bank that will increase their quality of life.Helene, their maid, says that Dr. Rank has come to visit. Also, Noras school friend, Kristine Linde, comes. The two have not seen each other in years. Nora tells Linde about her life. She says that Torvald had heath problems earlier in the marriage, and they had to go to Italy so he could recover.Mrs. Linde tells Nora that her husband di ed, leaving her with no money and no children. She wants Torvald to get her a job. Nora says she will speak to Torvald, and tells her that she illegally borrowed the money to pay for the trip to Italy. For years, she worked and saved in secret to repay the debt. Soon it will be fully repaid.Krogstad, an employee at the bank, and Dr. Rank arrive. Rank says that Krogstad is morally sick. Nora is unnerved by Krogstads presence. Torvald says that he can probably get Mrs. Linde a job at the bank. Rank, Torvald, and Linde depart. The children arrive with Anne-Marie, their nanny. Nora plays with the children until she notices Krogstad. He is revealed to be the source of the illegal loan. He says that Torvald wants to fire him. He asks Nora to try to talk Torvald out of it. Krogstad says that he will tell about the loan if he gets fired. Nora tries to get Torvald not to fire him, but he says Krogstad is immoral.On Christmas, Nora is nervous. Nora again begs Torvald not to fire Krogstad. He refuses. Torvald sends the maid to deliver Krogstads letter of dismissal.Rank arrives and tells Nora he is dying. She flirts with him. He says he is in love with her.Krogstad demands an explanation for his being fired. He tells Nora that she must get him rehired to a higher position. He puts a letter in Torvalds letterbox detailing the illegal loan. (Nora forged her fathers signature to get it.) Nora tells Mrs. Linde everything. Mrs. Linde says to distract Torvald from the letterbox until she talks to Krogstad. Krogstad and Mrs.

We Must Make Changes in AIDS Education :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

We Must Make Changes in AIDS Education Due to the fervent efforts of health educators, young people today have a actually intimate knowledge of HIV and AIDS. These students were born in the early eighties at the beginning of the AIDS epidemic. Teachers guided students through years of health classes in their junior high and high school years and informed students more or less the destructive nature of the AIDS virus and ways in which it can and cannot be contracted. Health educators made sure that students were well-informed about HIV and presented the topic as being gender neutral. Although pop culture and the media claimed that homosexual males were responsible for the epidemic, this caprice was never presented in the classroom. Though I am grateful for this aspect of AIDS education, it seems that there was an important aspect missing from the curriculum the more(prenominal) numerous negative effects that the disease has for women. Health education needs to present the effects of AIDS to women and encourage them to be more concerned about spotting and living with the disease. In spite of this need for reform, however, health educators may feel uneasy about changing their curriculum and argue that there are a number of reasons to keep HIV and AIDS curriculum the same. One reason that they might have for maintaining the current curriculum is that they fear that presenting HIV as more of a womans issue could decrease awareness of the disease in men. However, this probably will not happen. Many people, though not needfully health educators, already view HIV as more of a mans disease. In fact, according to Allen E. Carrier of Aids Project Los Angeles, brave men aged 17-24 are at a very high risk for HIV infection and realize the dangers of unsafe sex but brood to engage in high-risk behavior (DeNoon National). In other words, most men are aware and informed but some are choosing to ignore some of the education that they received. In reality, men need to ma ke as many changes as women in order to stop the AIDS epidemic. gibe Piot, the executive director of the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS, says that men have a crucial role to play in bringing about this radical change (Henderson). Therefore, the new AIDS curriculum would be encouraging both men and women to change their attitudes and actions in order to bring about changes.

Death of a Modernist Salesman Essay -- Death Salesman essays

Death of a innovativeist Salesman The modernist movement in writing was characterized by a lack of faith in the traditional ways of explaining life and its consequence. Religion, nationalism, and family were no longer seen as being infallible. For the modernist writers, a sense of security could no longer be found. They could not find any meaning or order in the old ways. Despair was a common reaction for them. The dilemma they ran into was what to do with this knowledge. Poet Robert Frost phrased their question best in his metrical composition The Oven Bird. Frosts narrator and the bird about which he is speaking two are wondering what to make of a diminished thing (Baym 1103). The modernist writers act to mirror this despair and tried to superimpose meaning on it or find meaning in it. The old frames of reference were no longer meaningful. Newer ones had to be sought. This belief gave them license to create new points of reference, which at least held some meaning for them, or to comment on the remains of the old. These writers referred often to shattered illusions, feelings of alienation, and the atomization of the remains of tradition. Although society was making technological advances, many of these writers felt that it was declining in other ways. They saw this progression as being made at the expenditure of individuality and the individuals sense of true self-worth. Arthur Millers writings are characteristic of this movement. Miller is a playwright whose works consider the major themes of modernism. Death of a Salesman, which is perhaps his best-known piece, is a perfect example of this. In it, he addresses the common modernist themes of alienation and loneliness through both his portrayal of society an... ...l. Works Cited Baym, Franklin, Gottesman, Holland, et al., eds. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 4th ed. New York Norton, 1994. Corrigan, Robert W., ed. Arthur Miller. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, 1969. Costello, Dona ld P. Arthur Millers Circles of Responsibility A View From a Bridge and Beyond. Modern Drama. 36 (1993) 443-453. Florio, Thomas A., ed. Millers Tales. The New Yorker. 70 (1994) 35-36. Hayashi, Tetsumaro. Arthur Miller Criticism. Metuchen, NJ Scarecrow Press, 1969. Martin, Robert A., ed. Arthur Miller. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, 1982. Miller, Arthur. The Archbishops Ceiling/The American Clock. New York orchard Press, 1989. ---. Death of a Salesman. New York Viking, 1965. ---. Eight Plays. New York Nelson Doubleday, 1981.

Death of a Modernist Salesman Essay -- Death Salesman essays

Death of a Modernist Salesman The modernist movement in writing was characterized by a lack of faith in the handed-down ways of explaining life and its meaning. Religion, nationalism, and family were no extended seen as being infallible. For the modernist writers, a sense of security could no longer be found. They could not find both meaning or order in the old ways. Despair was a common reaction for them. The dilemma they ran into was what to do with this knowledge. Poet Robert Frost phrased their question best in his poem The Oven Bird. Frosts narrator and the bird about which he is speaking both are wondering what to make of a diminished affaire (Baym 1103). The modernist writers attempted to mirror this despair and tried to superimpose meaning on it or find meaning in it. The old frames of reference were no longer meaningful. bran-newer ones had to be sought. This belief gave them license to create new points of reference, which at least held some meaning for them, or to c omment on the remains of the old. These writers referred often to shattered illusions, feelings of alienation, and the fragmentation of the remains of tradition. Although society was making technological advances, many of these writers felt that it was declining in other ways. They saw this progression as being made at the expense of individuality and the individuals sense of true self-worth. Arthur Millers writings are characteristic of this movement. Miller is a playwright whose work reflect the major themes of modernism. Death of a Salesman, which is perhaps his best-known piece, is a perfect example of this. In it, he addresses the common modernist themes of alienation and loneliness by means of both his portrayal of society an... ...l. Works Cited Baym, Franklin, Gottesman, Holland, et al., eds. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 4th ed. New York Norton, 1994. Corrigan, Robert W., ed. Arthur Miller. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, 1969. Costello, Donald P. Ar thur Millers Circles of Responsibility A View From a brace and Beyond. Modern Drama. 36 (1993) 443-453. Florio, Thomas A., ed. Millers Tales. The New Yorker. 70 (1994) 35-36. Hayashi, Tetsumaro. Arthur Miller Criticism. Metuchen, NJ Scarecrow Press, 1969. Martin, Robert A., ed. Arthur Miller. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, 1982. Miller, Arthur. The Archbishops Ceiling/The American Clock. New York Grove Press, 1989. ---. Death of a Salesman. New York Viking, 1965. ---. Eight Plays. New York Nelson Doubleday, 1981.

Issues Surrounding the Trial Scene Within to Kill a Mockingbird Essay

This essay will identify issues outside of the primary paper of race that come to light during the court case in which tomcat Robinson, a black man, is ravelled and convicted for raping Mayella Ewell. Throughout the trial, significant action occurs both inside and outside the court room that draws attention to side-lined topics including the definition of courage, the loss of innocence, associate relations, and expectation within society. To Kill A Mockingbird was set in the 1930s, a turbulent decade partised by struggles between world powers, racial detriment and economic first gear.The aftermath of the Wall Street Crash in 1929 affected America particularly badly, and by the winter of 1932 they were in the depths of the greatest economic depression in their history. These historical pointts are reflected in the reinvigorated by the division within Maycombs society according to wealth and class, with families such as the Ewells epitomising the term white trash and positio ning at the bottom of the neighborly hierarchy. Furthermore, despite the American governments abolition of slavery in 1848, racial discrimination was as strong as ever in the Southern States.The black people were forced into racial segregation in schools, public transport and churches. Stemming from this racial injury comes a level of expectation that different people in society believe they must adhere too as a go away of the segregation and racial prejudice engrained into society. This is shadowed in the halt by the minor character of Dolphus Raymond, a drunken white man deemed an outsider by societies norms. All of the action that takes place within To Kill A Mockingbird is concentrated in the fictional county of Maycomb, which can be seen as a microcosm dissecting essential issues set up in the wider Southern America.The trial in many ways is the most important and dramatic sequence in the novel, as although the trial targets Tom Robinson, in a metaphoric sense it is in item the entire county of Maycomb that are on trial. Despite Toms conviction, the trial does show a small progression within Maycomb, with the jury taking such a long time to make their decision constituting a sign of positive packaging in racial relations, with fell Maudie stating its just a baby-step, still its a step. This step is achieved through the books definition of courage, embodied through the character of Mrs Dubose, a ying old woman who embarks on the brave task of facing her addiction to morphine before reaching her give the axe. According to Atticus, Mrs Duboses decision shows the self-denial of real courage when you know youre licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. It is this positioning that foreshadows and fittingly describes Atticuss own approach to the Tom Robinson case. It is clear in the novel that even before taking on Tom Robinsons case, the lawyer knew that he would fail to acquit the accused of his charges because of the rigid prejudicial outlook innate within Maycombs inhabitants.Thomas Shaffer, argues that Atticus shows us precisely that what matters in professional ethics is character rather than moral principle which is highlighted by Atticuss fights to prove Toms innocence to the community, even though he knows it will not be acted upon. While Atticus eventually loses the court case, it his courage and steely determination to see it through until the end that successfully reveals the injustice of a stratified society that confines the blacks to a coloured balcony. Furthermore, the involvement of the Ewell family in the trial also highlights issues of class relations within Maycomb County.The term white trash is a pejorative term particularly used in rural Southern America, to describe a collection of depress class people who live by degraded standards. The term suggests outcasts from a respectable society living on the fringes of the social order who are seen as dangerous becau se they may be of a criminal nature without respect for authority whether it be political, legal, or moral. The audience are aware from the beginning of the novel that the Ewell family epitomise white trash from Burrell Ewells refusal to go to school, and his ability to escape the legal system.Moreover, their home behind the town garbage dump in a tin-roofed cabin adheres to the characteristic of living on the outside of town and highlights their social and physical segregation from the more respectable members of the community. Their position at the bottom of the social hierarchy is substantiated by Mayella Ewells section of the trial the young girl believes that Atticus is trying to make a fool of her by labelling her as Miss conveying her lack of social skills as a result of her familys failure to integrate into society.Moreover, the implication that Bob Ewell abuses his daughter creates a perception of him as being violent and criminal, two characteristics that are of course br ought to light in the latter parts of the novel. Overall, this highlights that Maycomb County (and the wider South) are not just segregated by race, but also by class. The sad reality however, is that in the racist world of Maycomb, even the Ewells have the power to destroy an innocent man. This leads onto a make headway issue that is at stake throughout the trial the threat posed to innocence by evil. This theme is revealed primarily through the characters of Tom Robinson and Jem Finch.The audience are made aware that Tom is an innocent man who has been wrongfully accused of a crime he did not commit. This depicts the evil attack of social prejudice on an unoffending man, guilty only of the colour of his skin. Tom Robinson is not prepared for the evil that he encounters, and this consequently leads to his downfall. This concept links to the title of the book To Kill a Mockingbird, which highlights that to destroy someone innocent purely for existing, is a sin. Furthermore, the tri al also focuses around the loss of innocence of Jem and his movement into maturity date, linking to the Bildungsroman theme within the novel.The Bildungsroman genre is an example of the coming of age novel, and is evident in the novel from the childrens journey from ignorance to enlightenment. Hereby, Jem witnessing the harsh reality of life revealed by the trial is seen as a necessary growth point that his character must go through in order to reach maturity, summarising the transition from a locating of childhood innocence, to a more adult perspective in which Jem has confronted evil and must incorporate it into his understanding of the world.This shift is apparent in the trial guess after Atticus reveals to the jury that Bob Ewell is a left-handed man, and that a left-handed man would be more likely to leave bruises on the unspoilt side of a girls face. Jem, still clinging to his youthful illusions closely life working according to concepts of fairness, doesnt understand tha t his fathers efforts will be in vain, commenting Weve got him. After Tom is found to be guilty, Jems hopes are shattered as he cries over the injustice of the verdict. His emergence into a more adulthood perspective is highlighted by his conversation with Miss Maudie, where he reveals that he sed to think that the people of Maycomb were the best in the world, but having witnessed the trial, he doesnt think so anymore.Ultimately, a final issue brought to light amidst the action of the trial, is the levels of expectation that people are pressured by as a result of the class and racial issues present in Maycomb. Dolphus Raymonds attendance at the trial is accompanied by Jems description of his background that he is a drunk who had several children by a black woman even though he was from a rich and respectable family.As the prosecution begins to question Tom Robinson, the action is amused from the courtroom as Dill begins to cry resulting in Scout leading him outside where they enc ounter the mysterious character of Mr Raymond. It is revealed that he is in actual fact pretending to drink alcohol from the paper bag to provide the white people with an explanation for his lifestyle When I come to town if I thread a little and drink out of this sack, folks can say Dolphus Raymonds in the clutches of whiskeythats why he wont change his ways. He cant help himself, thats why he lives the way he does.This highlights that Dolphus Raymond does care very much about what people think of him, and believes that by stereotyping himself as a drunk, the other members of Maycomb county will find his behaviour excusable. The significance of his character is to forefront the pressures that societys norms exhume on those who wish to be different Dolphus Raymond simply prefers black people to whites, just as the white community simply dislike blacks with no reasonable explanation. In conclusion, it is clear that many other relevant issues to the time period occupy the trial at the heart of To Kill A Mockingbird as well as simply racial prejudice.

Analysis of Printed Advertisement

Analysis of Printed Advertisement In the printed advertisement by Maybelline New York, the organic law harvesting advertised is tooshieed towards women. The advertised product, known as The Eraser, is to finalize facial blemishes and wrinkles. Throughout the ad, one can find umpteen target words and run acrosss that grasp the readers attention. These specific words, languages, and sees allow the reader to proceed conscious of their own flaws, therefore, attracting them to this product. The main attention grabbing word throughout this ad is Eraser the word eraser shows up numerous amounts of times indoors this ad.The word eraser is paired with many other words, for example, Erase first-rate lines or Erase age spots. These words target the needs of different individuals at erstwhile, although it may not stock-still be beneficial to one, it still attracts the viewer in a sanitary effective manner. The actual mountain chain itself plays a large role as well the main image is of an attractive young-looking female. The female in this image has a beautiful complexion there are no flaws on her face whatsoever. This image is obviously employ to manipulate the minds of the audience into thinking that this is what they will look like after using this product.Another key phrase to a fault used within this ad is Instant Age Rewind. Alone, these words are meaningless, but when placed together, it can create a deeper meaning. The interpretation of this meaning can differ for severally individual, but most women take that phrase and interpret it as a product that will make them look a lot younger INSTANTLY. When the fine print in this ad is read, which states, Visual is a dramatization of actual product results, one can truly realize that the ad is a pasquinade to manipulate individuals into purchasing this product.Unfortunately, no one really knows whether this advertisement is accurate before the purchase of the actual item. In the printed advertisement by L Oreal Paris, the makeup product advertised is targeted towards women. The advertised product, known as Visible Lift, is to ensconce facial blemishes and flaws. Throughout the ad, one can find many target words and images that grasp the readers attention. These specific words, phrases, and images allow the reader to become conscious of their own flaws, therefore, attracting them to this product. The main attention-grabbing phrase throughout this ad is Anti-Aging the phrase nti-aging or any other term used to relate to age repeats numerous amounts of times within this ad. In this ad, there is a large image of a model known as Andie MacDowell. Andies face in this image has no age spots, wrinkles, or any flaws on her face. This image is once again, the ideal image most women desire, a face with no flaws or blemishes. The strategies the creators of this ad use is very manipulative, besides images, the ad also contains 5 Proven Benefits this truly is the pinnacle of the ad which allows th e viewer to believe that this product is the ultimate product.Although no one really has guaranteed that this product will decidedly work, it still instills the image in ones mind that this product will work miracles. Without any consideration or thought, one can considerably determine that this product was made for them, correcting all of their facial problems. Which one cannot forget, this is all in 1 Luminous Makeup. The parameters within this article do not really extend very far in trickery, but more(prenominal) manipulation of the mind. This ad makes itself look much more idealistic than what it really is.The reputation endorsement also adds a little more to the manipulation by allowing one to think, If a celebrity says its good, then it must be good. This ad is well crafted to fool the audience into thinking this makeup product is suitable for the targeted audience, consisting of mostly mid-aged females. Within the two printed newspaper advertisements, both of the makeup product ads used wording and images to sell their products to the consumer minds. Although both of the advertisements used images and wording to attract customers, the strategies used within the wording and imaging drastically differs from one another.In the first advertisement from the Maybelline Company, the image and the words style differ form that of the LOreal Company. In the Maybelline ad, the word eraser is repeated many times on various parts of the ad. Whereas, on the LOreal ad, there are no repeating words or phrases. Both ads do contain an image of a woman with no facial blemishes or flaws, but the Maybelline image casts a woman whom looks much younger than the image of the LOreal ad. The Maybelline ad also strategically placed the words Erase on the parts of the face that wrinkle, have crows feet, and age spots.Directing the attention of the audience to those targeted areas. Lastly, the LOreal ad has a celebrity endorsement where model Andie MacDowell claims that this p roduct Take Years Off. Whereas, in the Maybelline ad there id a disclaimer on the bottom stating that the actual results may vary from the ones on the depiction of the visual. Overall, both ads use similar and varying techniques to convey to the audience that the product they are selling is worthwhile.Both ads to contain trickery, but the LOreal ad seems to have more trickery for not having any disclaimers in the fine print. The Maybelline ad has a conk out attention-grabbing style, when asked by random individuals, all of the individuals thought that the Maybelline product would be better for them. The marketing behind the Maybelline Eraser encompasses a much stronger attraction than LOreals visible lift. Revealing that portrayal has a large impact on the way individuals view a certain product.

Language Policy Essay

LANGUAGE LEGISLATION VOTER DRIVEN INITIATIVES Kelly M. Jefferson Grand canyon University SPE 523 July 23, 2012 The issue of row policy and the fostering of incline actors line learners (ELLs) in this country has been hotly debated and widely contested. Students who enter our school systems without an understanding of the position language must attain not only conversational proficiency, but also academic literacy in English. Academic literacy is the foundation of school success and necessary for students to procure content standards (Echevarria, Short, & Vogt, 2008).All parties agree that ELLs argon feder eachy entitled to a quality education once they join this countrys educational system. The debate stems from how to effectively teach students English and core content, simultaneously, in ways that ensure their success within the curriculum. Politicians and educators must also grapple with the dilemma of how to effectively educate non-native students, so as to facilitate thei r adequate proficiency on a myriad of statewide tests indispensable of all pupils enrolled in public schools.ELLs are concentrated in the urban areas of states like California, Texas, Florida, Illinois, and New York, which have seen the largest influx of English learners within their schools (Boyle, Cadiero-Kaplan, & Peregoy, 2008). Students with limited English proficiency (LEP) made up almost ten percent of the K-12 public school student population in the 2004-2005 school year (Echevarria et al. , 2008). Spanish is the most prevalent primary language (L1) and is spoken by 80 percent of ELLs (Boyle et al. , 2008).In the absence of clear direction at the federal level on how to best prepare ELLs academically, many states have taken the matter into their cause hands through various voter initiatives. genus Arizona, California, and mommy are states that have attempted to solve these questions through ballot initiatives. The voters of each state overwhelmingly select a Structured English Immersion (SEI) approach in which ELLs receive all content in English via a sheltering technique that allows learners to understand their instruction.The tendency of SEI is language, literacy, and content learning exclusively in English. Each state elected to limit the amount of term ELLs are provided with language assistance to roughly champion year, despite research findings that show students need at least five to seven age of language assistance to acquire the English proficiency required for successful academic union (Boyle et al. , 2008). Arizonas Proposition 203 was passed in November of 2000 and effectively repealed bilingual education laws in effect at that time.Proposition 203 required all students to be taught in English with the exception of those classified as English Learners. Designated pupils are instructed through sheltered English immersion programs (SEI) primarily in English, although a minimal amount of a childs native language may be incorporated, when necessary (www. ballotpedia. org, 2012). Students who demonstrate a solid working familiarity of English are transferred out of the SEI program into a regular English classroom. Parents of identified ELL children have the ability to obtain a waiver that excuses their child from participation in the SEI program.Excused students are often taught English and other content via traditional bilingual education instruction or another recognized instruction manner (www. ballotpedia. org, 2012). Parents are also entitled to recoup any actual and compensatory damages they incur as the result of school officials failing to comply with Proposition 203. The Massachusetts English in Public Schools Initiative, known as Question 2, is very analogous to the Arizona law, in that Question 2 places a heavy trustfulness on SEI programs and lessens the availability and access to bilingual education programs.Passed in 2002, the law mandates that all public school children must be taught English. All content is delivered in English language classrooms (www. ballotpedia. org, 2012). Children whose native language is not English are educated using the SEI method with minimal access to their native language at their teachers discretion. Question 2 allows for children from diverse native language groups to be placed in the same classroom provided their English skills are of similar levels. The law does not affect students with physical and mental impairments in special education programs (www. ballotpedia. org, 2012).Question 2 differs from Arizonas Proposition 203, in that if twenty or more students in any one grade level at a school obtain waivers that school must offer bilingual education classes in both the childs native language and English or another type of generally recognized educational program. Question 2 contains some of the same provisions as Proposition 203, such as a parents right to sue school officials who obstruct its implementation. English learners in the sta te undergo annual standardized tests of their English skills and students in grades two and above take annual written standardized tests in English (www. allotpedia. org, 2012). California voters passed Proposition 227 by a huge majority in 1998. The law answered the question of how to educate English language learners in that state by putting in place a statewide SEI program and drastically eliminating access to bilingual education programs (Purcell, 2002). In sync with similar initiatives in Arizona and Massachusetts, Proposition 227 calls for the education of all children in English by being taught in English. The law allows LEP students one year of language assistance before they are mainstreamed into total English speaking classrooms.Each piece of legislation fails to consider the body of research that finds that nonnative speakers need anywhere from five to seven years of language instruction in order to attain a level of proficiency within a second language. The laws also neg lect studies that prove that time spent learning in a students native tongue does not negate English language suppuration, but enhances it due the transfer of training of literacy skills from one language to another (Purcell, 2002). Also, within the pressurized and time constrained settings of many SEI programs, students are not granted the involuntary and often incidental tmosphere that language development often occurs in. Without necessary native language instruction amid an English language deficit, many LEP students have failed to attain the level of academic achievement and English language proficiency entitled to them. References Arizona english language education for children in public schools, proposition 203 (2000). (2012, February 28). Retrieved from http//ballotpedia. org/wiki/index. php/Arizona_English_Language. Boyle, O. F. , Cadiero-Kaplan, K. , & Peregoy, S. F. (2008). Reading, writing, and learning in ESL A resource book for K-12 teachers.Boston, MA Allyn & Bacon. Echevarria, J. , Short, D. J. , & Vogt, M. (2008). Making content comprehensible for English learners The SIOP Model. Boston, MA Allyn & Bacon. Massachusetts english in public schools initiative, question 2 (2002). (2012, February 27). Retrieved from http//www. ballotpedia. org/wiki/index. php/Massachusetts_Question 2. Purcell, J. (2002). The foundations and current impact of californias proposition 227. Retrieved February 28, 2012 from U. S Department of Education, Educational Resources Information Center http//www. eric. ed. gov.

Love Is Not Bliss (Romeo & Juliet + Othello) A Thesis Essay

One of the reasons that the works of Shakespe are are so ren protested is simply for the event that he can beautifully create moments of happiness, sadness, glory, agony, misery, love, betrayal and anything else which may smoothen in between (Krakauer 09). There are numerous situations in real life in which one person may fall deeply in love with another, but it will eventually turn out that it was never to occur in the first place. When it comes to Shakespeare, love is never meant to blossom in the p come ins Romeo and Juliet, and Othello.In the rattling first act of Romeo and Juliet, for example, we learn that there is a feud between the Montagues and the Capulets. Two households, both alike in dignity (In fair Verona, where we lay our scene) From Ancient grudge break into new mutiny (Act I Sc I). Romeo and Juliet fall instantly in love with each other. But, because of their families hatred, their happiness and youth are wasted.Juliet receives a marriage proposal from capital of France, and agrees that she will consider marrying him if she likes him. After falling in love with Romeo however at first sight, she learns as he leaves that he is a Montague. She is struck with as very much horror as he is after he finds out that she is a Capulet. It is just a little magical spell later that Juliet delivers her famous speech O Romeo, Romeo Wherefore art thou Romeo? O, be some other reach Whats in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet. (Act II Sc II). Passion it is of course, but that contaminated margin has in our day become helpless to express it. Purity would be the perfect word for it if the world had not forgotten that purity is simply Grecian for fire (Krakauer 17).Juliet later disc everyplaces that her father has arranged for her to marry Paris in three days. She refuses to do so, and her father is furious over the fact that his daughter is so proud and ungrateful. She then turns to her mother but her mother refus es to listen to what she has to say. In desperation, she turns to the nurse for advice, and even the Nurse believes that Juliet should marry Paris, because Romeo was banished from Verona and is not likely to return. Juliet realized that everyone is against her, so she turned toFriar Laurence for help.The Friar knows of a sleeping potion that Juliet would be able to use that would fool her family to believe that Juliet is dead. Juliet decided to use that potion on the very nighttime that she is to wed Paris. When the family finds Juliet dead, the Friar says that they must arrange for a burial and carry Juliets body to the church.After Romeo (then in Mantua) learns that Juliet is dead, he buys some poison and intends to eat himself in the vault where Juliet lies. Paris is in the vault when Romeo arrives, and he assumes that Romeo is there for evil purposes. The two men then fight a duel, and Romeo realizes that he has killed Paris as he falls. He then gazes at Juliet in her tomb, an d swallows the poison after giving her a last kiss. He instantly dies, and Juliet wakes up briefly thereafter. After she realizes that Romeo is dead, she takes his dagger and stabs herself with it. It is then that the families reconcile when it is too late. Statues were to be made in honor of the lovers. Cynics are fond of saying that if Romeo and Juliet had lived, their love would not chip in lasted (Krakauer 24).There is also numerous instances in Othello in which it is evident that love was never meant to blossom between Othello, and his wife Desdemona. Brabantio is the father of Desdemona.He regrets the fact that he allowed Desdemona to marry Othello, who just happens to be a Moor. He realized that he would break rather let a unestablished man named Roderigo take Desdemonas go in marriage. Othello is accused of using witchcraft on his wife, and it is said that he is probably abusing her as well. However, when Desdemona is questioned, she admits that she has fallen in love w ith Othello and married him on her own will. Brabantio is furious when he hears his daughters confessions, and he practically disowns her. He then turns to Othello, and says Look to her, Moor, if thou hast eyes to see. She has deceived her father, and may thee (Act I Sc III).Then there is the ill-famed villain, Iago. He came up with a plan to make it seem like Desdemona was cheating on Othello with his friend, Michael Cassio. Iago feels hatred towards Othello because he passed him over, and promoted Cassio for a position. Iago also had suspicions that Othello may have been having an affair with Emilia (Iagos wife), and for that he wants get revenge onOthello. Shakespeare gives Iago an outward appearance of honest virtue and has Othello consistently call him Honest Iago. (Krakauer 56).Iago has the tendency to be very convincing and manipulative. He manages to make money off of Roderigo by offering foolish advice followed by a great deal of logic. After much talk, Roderigo is even co nvinced to sell off his land, so he can have a lot of money in his hands to get the economic aid of Desdemona. It is safe to say that Iago is very much like the devil himself (Krakauer 62). This is evident in his soliloquy at the very end of Act I. He reveals to the listening that he wishes to abuse Othellos ear, and blacken Cassios name as well. Iago also tends to compare people to animals, such as when he says, The Moor is of a free and make nature that thinks men honest that but seem to be so, and will as tenderly be led by the nose as asses are. (Act I Sc III).Iago does indeed poison Othellos ears by convincing him to view the friendship between Desdemona and Cassio under a negative perspective. At a party, he gets Cassio to absorb an excessive amount of liquor, which makes him drunk. At one point as Cassio gets in a fight with another person, Othello walks in, and Iago makes him take Cassios position away from him. Iago then goes over to Cassio and acts as if he is a friend to him. He tells Cassio to request Desdemona to convince Othello to give Cassio his position back.Desdemona agrees to do so, but all in a very innocent manner. Since Iago has plagued Othellos mind with false thoughts, Othello gets furious everytime that Desdemona mentions Cassios name. He begins to suffer mentally, and has trouble sleeping, and begins to snap at Desdemona over the slightest things. Eventually, Othello smothers Desdemona, and kills her. Emilia discovers what has happened, and cries out till Iago arrives. She then reveals the fact that Iago is a villain, and Iago kills her. Othello realizes that he has made a mistake, and kills himself, and Iago gets executed.The love stories in Romeo and Juliet, and Othello start off very nicely, but unfortunately end with tragic deaths.

Ducati

Memorandum Subject Ducati In Pursuit of Magic (A) Date Feb. 19th 2013 Ducati is one of the reward motorcycle producers specializing in amusement segment super cps from Italy. The company experienced booming in sales and reputation in 1996-2001. This boost had attracted Texas Pacific Group to rent curbling interest in the company for higher expected future return. The economic boom somehow masked the mistakes made by Ducati during the period. When sales started to slide down during 2002-2005, tether major problems started to become more obvious among the management team * Product discontinuity. Cost disadvantage comp atomic number 18d to Japanese producer. * Decline in sales in U. S. mart. Ducati needed to addresses these problems to put the company back on track. Before offering solutions to any of the problems mentioned above, we would like to dig into details about the industrial background, company strategical positions, and matched advantages and disadvantages about the co mpany. These analyses ar especially beneficial to help identify potential opportunities and threats of the motorcycle persistence and its sport segment. Five forces analysis are supplemented to our analysis. Threats * disputation rivalry among industry and the sports segment came from United States and Japanese motorcycle makers. There are intense competitions among shufflings for entire industry as well the sport segment. A major competitor for cruiser is Harley-Davidson, and Honda and other Japanese motorcycle producers constitute major competitors for the sport segment. * Currency fluctuation exchange rate posted issues for transnational operations. Ducati and fel scurvy motorcycle companies engaged in operations all over the world, exchange rate fluctuation generated uncertainty for the company.This is for both the industry and for the sport segment. * Substitutes in that respect is a high incentive for alternative transportations for the US market place. This hurt the in dustry as well as sport segment. * Government regulation Chinese administration posted regulations that prohibited motorcycle usage domestically for various reasons. This makes it fleshy the entire industry as well as the sport segment. * Entrant barriers for industry low entry barrier due to three reasons. First, people with knowledge sack up micturate motorcycle easily. Second, low capital sine qua non for entrants. Last, there are low switching costs for customers. Opportunities * Entrant barriers high for the sport segment due to technology advancement, better design and engineer work, high capital requirement for entrants and distinctive incumbency advantages for established stigmatise. * Buyers power low. This is caused by the brand power and the brand loyalty. People want to pay premium for the round to feel cool and different. There is a huge demand for motorcycle. * Higher buying power in BRIC. Consumers in those countries are more likely to give on motorcycle. This is beneficial to the industry, especially the sport segment. More diversified riders lead to market exploitation. There are more women riders than ever before. This is beneficial to the industry and to the sport segment. The following part included company analysis and analysis of companys strategic position. * Value drivers and competitive advantages * Use a unique Desmodrimic valve control system to increase the engine performance * Use a engine that were strengthened in a L-twin design to improve aerodynamics and weighted luminousness * Special motorcycles had a low-hum sound. * Frame gave greater rigidity, handling power, and enhanced speed.It offered more compact design architecture. * Superb in-house design and external design team teams. * link up field that increase value Ducati Corse racing, apparel, local Ducati clubs, Ducati museum, Ducati riding experience training course, Ducati. com and Ducatis multi-franchise distribution points and mono-franchise Ducati retail s tores. * Cost drivers * The large research and development for serial years. * Marketing cost associated with selected motorcycle publications. * The production line used the lean manufacturing, which decreases the production costs. Competitive disadvantages * Cost disadvantage. Japanese motorcycle makers can produce cheaper bike with advanced technology. * Product discontinuity. Evolution of products that consumers do not recognize. * Do not intend to stretch and extend billet to cruiser motorcycles, i. e. limited customers. * Relatively low market share than major Japanese companies, which occupied about 78% of total market share. This lead to low brand recognition. Even though Ducati has its competitive advantages, it does not mean that these advantages are sustainable.In order to determine whether Ducati will remain competitive, Barneys VRIO framework is going to be applied. Hence, four questions are going to be addressed in this part of the case study, which are the Question of Value, the Question of Rareness, the Question of Imit mogul, and the Question of Organization. * The Question of Value * Ducati has a concourse of highly competent engineers and an in-house design team which allow the firms products to have the attribute of speed, performance, and innovation. Such capability helps fulfill customers needs and perceptions. Ducati is positioned to be fast with strong braking ability. The ability of producing sport bike with speed and safety makes its customers feel safe and reliable while using the product, which helps the firm to build up good companys reputation. * The Question of Rareness * All the Ducatis bikes use the Desmodromic valve control system which enhances the engine performance and only Ducati uses this system in the market. * All Ducatis engines were built in the unique L-twin design which gives the benefit of improved aerodynamics and lighter weight.This design is rare since the two cylinders of the engine are mounted at a 90-deg ree angle, which it has to work with the unique Desmodromic valve control system to reach its full ability. Moreover, it gives a unique low-hum engine sound which makes Ducatis engine even more special. * The Ducatis tubular trestle frame design was evolved from the Fornula One-inspired tubular trestle with Ducati engineers special design to enhance the performance features of the bikes. * The Question of Imitability * With Ducatis investment in research and development, it would be hard for competitors to just imitate Ducatis newest technology. Ducatis in-house design team creates a barrier to imitation since its job is to design completely new model. Moreover, Ducati started to use online resources to garner insight into customers needs and perceptions. * Ducatis Italian styling and origin lower the possibility of its design being imitated, yet it is worth to be noted that MV Agusta is owned by an Italian investment group and its designer Massimo Tamburini had worked in Ducati b efore, which make it easier for MV Agusta to imitate. * The Question of Organization * Ducati started to invest a lot of money in research and development, which boosted from 3. million in 1997 to approximately 26. 5 million in 2005. Such investment enables the Ducati to fully go the potential of its engineers and design team. * The internal civilization of Ducati encouraging creativity and teamwork allows the engineers and design team to interact and be innovative. * The building of Ducati museum the World of Ducati allows Ducati to give museum and factory journey to enhance visitors experience, build up brand loyalty, and signify the companys ability to be innovative or to create a dream. * Ducatis purchase of Gio.Ca. Moto and joint venture with Dainese help to build the Ducati brand by selling a wide range of products including Ducati apparel and accessories. * The establishment of Ducati Corse Racing team helps to publicize the Ducati brand by participating in professional motorcycle racing. The team also demonstrates Ducati bikes high- performance features. * Ducatis support in enthusiasts clubs and the establishment of the Desmo Owners Club (which promotes Ducatis event to the clubs) help to build the Ducati brand and brand loyalty. The Ducatis eight country-specific websites not only have information on bike models, but also provide a virtual tour of Ducatis world headquarters in Bologna, which enhances the customers perception to the Ducati brand. Moreover, the websites allow buyers to customize their bikes and also give feedback, which again help Ducati to gain insight into its customers and fully exploit its ability in producing high quality sport bikes. * Ducati has been attempting to build a strong brand by encouraging its dealers to restructure the stores to be in the Ducati-store format.We proposed three alternatives to tackle the problems associated with our problems. 1. We propose to sell Ducati to produce synergy to premium car maker such as Lamborghini. This provided cost savings and promoted efficiency. 2. Improve and extend U. S. market to gain market share and profits by invest in human capital and better IT system. This corresponds to positive U. S. outlook after 2006. 3. Invest in Research and Development to carry out revolutionized products. In this way we are trying to replicate the revolutionized products that help the company out of trouble in 2003.Our pass is alternative 1. Before analyzing 1, we would like to point out the drawbacks of the other two options. For alternative 2, it would take two years before the U. S. market become the largest market in the world for the motorcycle business. This postponed schedule is unsatisfied to the investment group who foresee better and immediate solutions for our problems. Another challenge for the U. S. market currently is that in the short run, competition and the low demand makes it hard for individual company to capture large profits.For alternative 3, large a mount of research and development stimulant will somehow reduce return for the investment group in the short run. This might not be the primary interest for the investment group that takes controlling interest of the company. On top of that, there are uncertainties involved in the new product even with shortened new product consequence period. Lastly, new product development does not bring current return to the investment group, which is potentially not preferred. Alternative 1 is the best one of all.It can potentially offer the best price for the investment group in that it can eliminate the downside risk for the company to go under. On top of that, business combination with powerful company such as Lamborghini would provide synergy. This synergy will provide cost saving for Ducati. First, since a lot of parts are produced in those shops, it is way much easier to produce it for themselves than for outside partners for the company. It can also cut down non-necessary division or lab or for the cost saving purposes.Additionally, merchant bank with strong financial background can assist in expanding the U. S. market and engage in research and development process to produce a revolutionized product. I predict when the alternative 1 get implement, the market share of Ducati will rapid increase. Because company such as Lamborghini has enough capitals to innovate different types of motorcycles. With the good fame of Lamborghini, their product will be wide noted and get into the market earlier than the competitors. Ducati will have a bright future and sustainable growth under that company.

Archetype “Cinderella” and “Rough-Faced Girl” Comparison Essay

Throughout Native American finishing, they have always used everything and non waste anything. For example if they hunt a buffalo, the Indians make sure everything from the buffalo is used. They use the skin for clothing, bones for tools, and meat for food. Everyone is equal except the wise gaga men and the shaman. Native Americans use the nature to guide them through and through the day. They know the meaning of respect and never rebelled against authority. Indians never cared how their clothing looks to their peers they always wore what was given to them. The American culture of the 1950s is the exact opposite of the Native Americans. The years after World War Two were generally prosper and stable for the middle-class Caucasian. The unite States manage to turn the post war into a consumers culture with a snap of a finger.During immediate boom of consumerism, suburbs, and economy it overshadowed the some poverty. This rising successfulness didnt apply to everyone. During this ti me everyone was obsessed with consumer goods such as automobiles, television, stereos, dishwasher, etc. There was subculture of greasers that originated in the 1950s. They slope to own expensive classical hot rod and motorcycles. Greasers tend to be very conscious about their appearance. They wear leather jackets and comb back their hair with an abundance of hair wax. Rock and roll is the music of prime(prenominal) for Greasers. These two comparisons are very similar to Cinderella and the Rough-Faced Girl. There are major differences between the Disneys Cinderella and the Rough-Faced Girl.In the Rough-Face Girl, it describes his society and its surrounding with a prominence on Nature, not on affluence by possessions. Pictures of the sun, moon, stars, plants, trees, and animals are painted in the wigwams showing what the concealed Being finds significant in his village. The Disney version everyone is consumed with wearing the extravagant dresses and jewelry. The pantywaist godmot her did her magic and changed her tattered clothes into an elegant dress. Oochigeaskw is brave when she walked into the wilderness and made clothes from the accessories of the forest. Every girl that wanted to marry the Invisible Being wore pleasant clothes to impress his sister. The sister of the Invisible Being was too smart for that. She wanted someone that can befool past the clothes and appreciate themselves. A carriage was created from a pumpkin by the godmother. It was made to takeCinderella to the princes Ball.However, Oochigeaskw had to walk for miles to tie to the Invisible mans cabin. In the Disneys version of Cinderella, the prince was intrigued by the glass slipper and went flavour for the person that fits it. There was no such thing in the Rough-Faced Girl because it dealt with knowledge one possesses. Disneys version of Cinderella is link to the developed nations society because people human foot their decision for a companion with exaggerated expectations. Usu ally monarchies in Europe have this kind of attitude towards marriage. They want their children to marriage into another royal category to keep the power within their grasp. They frown upon the lower class. In England, the queen was obviously upset when Charles married Diana. She was a kindergarten teacher and from the lower class. The Rough-Faced Girl is related to countries that practice arrange marriages because it is about the well-being of the family than the artificial aspiration to live a better life.The Rough-Face Girl, Oochigeaskw saw the remarkable beauty of the earth and skies spreading contrary all the other villagers. This obviously shows how she also appreciates nature through the beautiful qualities. Oochigeaskw did not need any kind of magic such as the faery godmother to ask the Invisible Being to wed her. In this particular tale, the assessment of knowledge is based on the wisdom of the Invisible Being. The Invisible Beings sister runs the women by asking three questions about the Invisible Being. The subject of these questions is essential because it shows his values based on wisdom rather than superficial looks. The first question is to see if the women are honest. The two sisters of Oochigeaskw lied to the Invisible Beings sister when she asked them Do you see him? Oochigeaskw tells the sister the truth by saying I do indeed. Then the sister of the Invisible Being asks what is his sled-string? Oochigeaskw said it is the rainbow. Finally the last question was what is his bow-string? It is the Spirits Road-the Milky way answered Oochigeaskw.The essence of these questions and their related answers are based on Nature. The individual(a) must be intelligent and have the wisdom to appreciate the earth as a gift without taking advantage of it. This was a reasonable test based on what is inside the heart of the individual to see if she is good by the natures results. The sister of the Invisible Being is a decent moderator this because she had to go through many women to find her brother a wife. She judged the women on their wisdom to see inner beauty and not the exterior of the person.Basically the Invisible Being uses his sentiment to choose his mate by not using beauty. It continues as Oochigeaskw takes a bath in the lake and transforms back to her old self knowing that she will get married to the one and only Invisible Being. That change and recognition of her beauty is only stressed after the test and not before. The marriage between Oochigeaskw and Invisible being is based on her inner beauty and wisdom. However, in the Disney version of Cinderella illustrates how beauty depends on the exterior. For example, Cinderella is much more beautiful than her stepsisters. The prince judges beauty on the size of a womans foot. There is always the fairy godmother to make everything pleasing to the eye.The United States society has a hard time seeing people for their uniqueness however we prefer if everyone was bundle together by similar quality. These standards are not only normal, but enviable by most people. Personality and apprehension is over resignden by beauty in the tale. That is another example of the way society has portrayed women. The Native American is more intelligent than what that Europeans and other settlers think. When the European came to the US and started to destroy the natural goodness of their surroundings the Native Americans knew there will be trouble in the future. For example in the Gulf Coast, people got rid of wetlands and built houses. That ruined the natural barrier to guard against the weather such as a hurricane. Now you have seen the differences between Native American culture and the American Culture.

Comparison of Two Texts

Comparison In this comparison essay I will inform and elaborate the young soul people regarding two texts or theme related on travel. The first text is called S egressh east Railway and the second unmatchable is known as fall out your Feet. These two texts are really relevant two classify them as daily essential needs, beca intent more or less they are get used by everyone. The first text is about their offers they are giving to the audiences, so that they back end visit round places for cheap. The second theme is about locomote to school, without having to use any motor vehiclesLayout Firstly, I would like to mention about the layout of South eastern railway. This text has been laid out in a uncontaminating form instead of scattering the topics all over by doing this it gives the reader some versatile ideas about different places. Whereas, Find your Feet text is laid out in such a way that the transparent text of it would grasp the teenagers attention straightaway. Pictur es In South eastern railway in that respect are many jazzy pictures to inform where a person can go to visit. This leaflet/poster is really informative comparing Find your Feet.This leaflet also contains regarding those places in Kent and London which are value visiting and it gives a person to visualize him/her of it. On the other side, adjust your feet is featuring three teenagers enjoying themselves paseoing to school. nomenclature The Southeastern Railway poster literally communicates with the audience with lucid, formal and coax English, due to their attitude and expressions theyve used in the text. This makes a person to have some ideas regarding visiting those places. It also informs the reader regarding the offer which is 20% off.Whereas, find your feet has featured their language in such a way that only the new multiplications kids will understand. Additionally, it makes quite complicated for other people to get their message, since they have featured slang English slogan. Find your Feet has only featured picture amount of text explaining the purpose of the poster. Thus, they knew that the teenagers wouldnt like to read a whole page of information therefore they gave out less writing. So they had to use some uses of slogans and catchy titles using alliteration Bold text/Colour South eastern railway is really attractive it catches a persons attention as well as their eyes with their vibrant colours. All readers normally like to have tints of colours in their articles therefore South eastern railway article contained it to make it a perfect article for a reader to read. The south eastern railway leaflet contains number of pictures in Kent and London, which is worth visiting and involve ones self in various activities. This gives a person to have visualization and think that if it is worth visiting. Otherwise it is useless if there was no picture or anything.Nevertheless, find your feet has primary colours to show that this poster is for teenage rs. Subheadings South eastern railway article gave more subheadings which makes the reader more earnest in reading the article. So that he/she will know what part they are reading without having to look at it full in detail. Unlike find your feet is just a full page picture containing teenagers being active and enjoying themselves walking to school. So this leaflet is really short to read. Visiting Places South eastern Railway article informs litters of places, which is worth visiting.Thus, the author gave offers where a person can go and visit Kent or London. To visit either of these places a person can read a brief information regarding those places . Whereas, find your feet has alliteration and a slogan where is again persuading by saying that ditch the ride and walk to school. It is also telling the audiences to go to school, where they go everyday which is not something new. Moreover, on South eastern railway the author has featured two trains, one is fast and other is normal . Fast trains are for to visit big towers as well as cities.On the other side the little(a) trains are for to visit the small towers and small cities. Purpose South eastern Railway is really essential for everyday use as it is mentioned above, and their purpose is to persuade the adults to use trains to visit various places as part of their break. They can also take the privilege of their new offers which is 20% off from their original price. Whereas, the second theme/text has a lot of differences in comparing their colours, purpose, audiences etc. Their purpose is to make the teenagers walk to school, instead of using any motor vehicles or transports.The reason being is that, so that they can have healthy life and have a bit of time with their friends as its mentioned in the poster. Similarities Colour In Southeastern Railway leaflet contains colourful pictures to show the beauty of those places which are worth to visit. This is another way to make the article interesting and it a lso gives you the chance to visualize, because without them it would look very dull and boring. On the other side, fid your feet has use of primary colours to show the inspiration to the audiences to follow their message. Bold TextAdditionally, South eastern Railway leaflet gave out numerous amounts of bold texts and headings, so that the reader can have an impact on it. Not only that they have opened their website, so that the others can also have a look at their detailed information such as 20% off offer, places to visit, off peak times etc. Conclusion In conclusion, it is a great idea to have these various types of colours to communicate with the audiences. That is what Southeastern railway and Find your feet in order to get the audiences attention. It is recommendable to conduct the extra features and formal style of English to communicate with the reader.

Early Intervention for Special Needs Children Essay

The development and implementation of beforehand(predicate) preventative fargonivities for new-fashioned electric s involverren who take away a delay or who be at risk for future delays are relatively recent phenomena in the United States. Early discussion as an applied and academic sphere has developed primarily within the exceptionalty subject of azoic childishness special education (ECSE), a field comprised of professionals from umteen disciplines. The genesis of ECSE in the United States may be traced to the formation, in 1968, of the Handicapped Childrens Early Education Program (HCEEP) branch within the United States Department of Education.Although other work had occurred in primal intervention prior to this time, the establishment of HCEEP provided national recognition and federal funds to address aboriginal intervention issues. Since 1968, rapid changes have occurred in the field of early intervention. The nigh significant event affecting on early interve ntion was the pass eld of Public Law 99-457 (P. L. hereafter) in 1986. This law mandates education for handicapped children timed three to five years and provides both impetus and funding for early intervention for children teenageer than age three.From the viewpoint of an outside observer, the passage of only eighteen years from the establishment of a specialty area to that specialty area demonstrating efficacy such that its tenets become law is admir adequate. However, these tenets, and the practices derived from them, are handbagd on question that has recently received disconfirming reviews. It is clear that ECSE has done well, but many ch anyenges remain to be met. disappointment to conquer these ch onlyenges could result in a loss of valuable ground that many have worked ponderous to achieve. Early Evidence for Early InterventionAs the fields of special education and early childhood education evolved, evidence were accumulating that early intervention could be effective. In a classic study, Skeels (1966) examined the set up of environmental stimulation on two comparable groupings of infants. Mentally retarded females acted as surrogate mothers for one group (n = 13), providing these children with attention and stimulation. Twelve infants with average IQs remained in a nonstimulating orphanage environment. Eighteen months later, the stimulated infants gained an average 27. 5 IQ points while the control group dropped 26.2 points. Twenty-one years later, Skeels (1966) continued to find differences amidst those who were placed in the enriched environment and those who were not. Of those in the experimental group, all were found to be self-supporting as adults. Four of these adults had completed college and, as a group, had a median value high-school education. Of those in the control group, four adults had been institutionalized. The median education for these adults was at the third-grade level. Additional evidence came from the work of Kirk (1965 ), who studied handicapped preschoolers.He compared institutionalized mentally handicapped preschoolers who received a preschool program with a comparable group who remained on the wards and received no intervention services. Children in the experimental program showed significant gains on intellectual measures. Six of the fifteen-experimental group children were able to leave the institution by age eight, while none of the children in the control group go away the institution. Works researched provided additional evidence for the value of early intervention.Based upon these studies, the consensus emerged that childrens cognitive skills develop early in life and very rapidly, and that early enrichment can have profound influences on a childs future functioning. Although this consensus is no longer accepted without question, this philosophy, nevertheless, played a major(ip) role in the acceptance of early intervention and helped to create a social climate for legislating favoring h andicapped children. legislative Activities Both research and societal factors converged to provide momentum for the early intervention movement in the 1960s.The changing social climate in the United States in the 1960s led to the passage of favorable formula for several groups. Litigative and legislative activities occurred in the areas of civil rights, rights for the disadvantaged, and rights for the handicapped. A breakthrough for early intervention, focusing on disadvantaged children, was the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. Part of this act was directed at the establishment of Project fountainhead Start. This program was designed to provide early intervention for disadvantaged preschool children in the research found that these IQ gains disappeared after the children entered school.Based on societal and political pressures, Head Start continued despite the negative research findings. Arguments by researchers who questioned the findings and suggested that unmeasurable gains were being do bolstered the pro-Head Start forces. The results of a nineteen-year longitudinal study on children who participated in Head Start (the Perry Pre-school Project) found a human activity of substantiative results. These benefits included (a) less carry for special education, (b) more substantiating school attitudes, (c) less arrests, (d) less teen pregnancy, and (e) better employment histories. another(prenominal) research has supported these findings. As an early intervention program, Head Start is the most well-known in the United States and has served over eight million preschoolers. Additionally, Head Start has had a major impact on early intervention for children with handicaps. The Economic Opportunity Acts Amendments of 1972 mandated that at least 10% of the total population served by Head Start be children with handicaps, giving Head Start the status of the first mandated, mainstreamed early intervention program in the United States.This occurred well before the concept of mainstreaming became popular in special education. One of the most important pieces of legislation regarding young children with handicaps was the Handicapped Childrens Early Education helper Act of 1968. This act established the Handicapped Childrens Early Education Program of the Department of Education, which has been obligated for funding the majority of innovative service projects in early intervention that occurred in the United States. This legislation may be viewed as the formal beginning of the field of early intervention for the handicapped.HCEEP programs will be discussed more fully later in this chapter in the section on current practices. The next major legislation to affect early intervention activities was an act that impacted significantly on educational practices for all handicapped childrenthe Education of All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (P. L. 94-142). P. L. 94-142 provided for a publish, appropriate public education with link up services to all children with handicaps mingled with the ages of three and twenty-one years. This act has been called the Bill of Rights for children with handicaps.The overall impact of this act on educational practice has been discussed in other places. While this act documented acceptance of the motivating for early intervention by the federal government, it also provided individual supposes with the option not to serve these young children. Unfortunately, this was an option many states adopted. In 1985, only twenty-four of the fifty states had mandated services for handicapped children under age five and only eight states had mandated services for handicapped children under age three. Although P. L.94-142 had a major impact on such intervention, supporters of early intervention were aware of the implementation problems involved in serving young children. As a result of successes with preschool early intervention, the need for services for even younger children was being heralded. int ercourse responded to these calls for early intervention in 1983 by passing the Amendments to the Education of the Handicapped Act (P. L. 98-199). These amendments provided financial incentives for states to acquit early intervention service levels down to birth.Unfortunately, funding remained dependent upon the number of children served between the ages of three and five, and the act, in effect, diluted the funding available for the three- to five-year-old children. Also, incentives built into these amendments to encourage individual state participation were weak and ineffectual. Lobbying groups for early intervention continued their activities to push through a law mandating early intervention for all young children with handicaps. In 1986, Congress responded by passing P. L.99-457, (Amendments to the Education of the Handicapped Act). P. L. 99-457 mandated that all preschool-aged children with handicaps receive a free and appropriate education by 1991. This law provided penaltie s for states that did not conform to the law. In addition, P. L. 99-457 created a new state grant program for infants and toddlers with handicaps. The passage of P. L. 99-457 has signaled a new era for early intervention. The federal government has acknowledge the need for early intervention (at least at the preschool level) and has provided funds to support it.P. L. 99-457 is also significant in other ways. Children need not be classified into narrowly defined categories to receive services. The importance of the family in development has been heavily emphasized, especially for those children under age three years. For infants and toddlers, the definition of what constitutes intervention services has been broadened. For all children, a wide variety of possible intervention options has been acknowledged. It is clear that the passage of P. L. 99-457 is not the final moderate for advocates of early intervention.Concerns regarding how states will implement preschool services and how service policies will be defined remain. Questions regarding services for infants and toddlers are just beginning to be addressed. Many problems still exist, but Public Law 99-457 represents a major accomplishment for advocates of early intervention and a benefit for the children and families who will receive services. Problems in the Present Currently, early intervention activities regarding the development of and research on best practices are occurring.However, there is a growing aptness to question some of what has been accomplished by early intervention. Questions have arisen concerning the research on which early intervention activities are based and on the data from which costs have been obtained. These particular areasresearch and costshave traditionally provided a foundation for early intervention. This report briefly reviews concerns regarding knowledge of costs and the research base of early intervention. Early Intervention ResearchIn a review of reviews, White, Bush, an d Casto (1985-86) found overwhelming promise that early intervention is effective (94% of fifty-two studies). Unfortunately, they also found that a number of these reviews based this self-reliance primarily or solely on studies done with disadvantaged children. The benefits of early intervention for disadvantaged children are not a major issue of contention. Controversy ensues when these findings are over generalized to children with handicaps. A number of well-conducted reviews of early intervention for handicapped children has been completed.These reviews have been cautious with their conclusions, but overall the findings have been kind of negative, particularly regarding the validity of the studies. Dunst, Snyder, and Mankinen (1987) found that 71% of the forty-nine studies they reviewed used methods that made the results scientifically uninterpretable. Other researchers essentially agreed with the Dunst, Snyder, and Mankinen findings. They then attempted to argue that the la ck of effectiveness found for early intervention programs was a result of the nature of studies in early intervention.Researchers used meta-analytic techniques to examine a number of common assumptions made regarding early intervention programs and found little empirical support for those assumptions. An extremely comprehensive review by Dunst, Snyder, and Mankinen ( 1987), which examined 105 studies by degree of causality and by type of child served, was no more positive for the early intervention movement. These authors stated that any conclusions regarding the efficacy of early intervention must be considered conditional and conditional.They noted that there is insufficient evidence at this time to conclude that there are cause-effect relationships between the interventions and outcomes observed. Dunst and associates further stated, in agreement with Casto and Mastropieri (1986), that children in early intervention programs do make positive developmental and behavioral changes a cross time but that the extent to which the interventions are responsible for observed effects is difficult to ascertain (p. 285 ). Some researchers have been critical of reviews of early intervention because they tend to exclude single-subject methodological analysis research.Many of the problems in reviewing this literature base are related to the subjective nature of comparing this research, as no standard metric is employed across studies. Reviews of the single-subject literature in early intervention have been conducted and are favorable but have not significantly refuted other reviews. Single-subject studies do show muscular evidence for a functional relationship between dependent and independent variables. These single-subject studies usually focus on a narrow, well-defined objective.Although this is useful for demonstrating functional relationships, it represents only parts of the whole of an early intervention program. Also, these studies are usually conducted under rigoro us investigative control, a feature not available in most early intervention programs. Successful programs frequently have problems when disseminated for use by a wider audience. Also, many single-subject studies do not sufficiently address generalization and maintenance issues. Researchers provide suggestions for single-subject research in early intervention, many of which are identical to those that need to be addressed by group research.

Mun Unoosa – Topic: Space Junk – Country: Sweden

Jasmin Fashami 14 November 2012 linked Nations Office on Outer seat Affairs Sweden space Junk UNOOSA Sweden A. Background of Topic 1. Space tear apart, also know property detritus and set waste, is the collection of objects inorbitaroundEarththat were created by human but no longer serve any useful purpose, which can consist of everything from old assassinatedsatellites to explosion and collision fragments. These objects often overlap the trajectory of tender shoes shuttles or satellites, which can buzz off a potential collision risk, damaging the equipment.Space junk presents a threat not only to space affairs, but also to matters here on earth although most debris get out burn up in the atmosphere, larger objects can reach the ground intact and present a risk. The ISS has had to repair numerous satellites and spaceships orbiting the earth due to the damage caused by space junk, causing them millions. Though the UNOOSA has published guidelines for nations to follow in hop es to reduce the amount of space junk, the UN still has many issues that need to be discussed and covered due to this ontogenesis problem. . Nations that are directly involved and affected by this issue include the USA, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, the UK, and others. 3. According to the U. S. militarys Space Surveillance Ne cardinalrk, there are roughly22,000 pieces of orbital debrislarger than 4 inches currently in the outlying atmosphere, which include broken satellite parts and depleted rocket bodies. As these fragments travel by space, they pose collision risks to the ISS and the roughly 1,000 treating satellites in orbit.Many incidents have already occurred, such as in February 2009, a U. S satellite was struck by a non-operational Russian satellite. The impact destroyed the two spacecraft and created large clouds of dust and debris. If we continue, as we have, to use these very popular orbits in near-Earth space, the densi ty of debris and collision events will surely increase, Marsh all in all Kaplan, an orbital debris expert within the Space incision at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, told SPACE. com. Operational satellites will be destroyed at an alarming rate, and they cannot be replaced. We must prepare for this seemingly inevitable event, Kaplan said. B. fall in Nations Involvement 1. Analysts first became aware(p) of an emerging space debris problem in the early 1960s. However, February 2009 was when the UN first really got involved with this issue. The UNOOSA called all Member States and international organizations to fully implement measures to curb space debris following the collision of an soundless Russian satellite with an operational one from the USA. This was the first major problem between countries regarding this issue. 2. Some organizations, committees, agencies, and NGOs that are involved with the growing issue include the United Nations Commit tee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, the United Nations Office of Outer Space Affairs, the European Space Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the Defense go Research Projects Agency, and theInter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee. 3.Every year, theCOPUOSinvites Member States to submit reports on national research regarding space junk and problems of collisions with space junk. Though there is no international treaty mandating countries to minimize space debris,in 2007, the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space published voluntary guidelines for nations to follow. The UNOOSA needs to continue to unclutter much guidelines and rules regarding space junk, and agencies like NASA to be more aware of the debris and the issues they are emitting.Many methods have been proposed to shape this problem, but in the end, the international community needs to step up and put forth more action before the issue gets worse. C. Country P olicy 1. Sweden has set up a wide-ranging space company that has 40 years experience in helping space organizations, companies and research organizations gain access to space, called the SSC, or the Swedish Space Corporation. This company has researched and developed numerous resolutions to many space problems, such as space debris. . Sweden believes that space junk in Earths atmosphere is a growing problem and is working to stop the damage it is causing. 3. On March 19th, 2012, Sweden, through the SSC, launched the REDEMPTION Experiment at the REXUS/BEXUS Esa Educational Programme, which is agnize under a mutual agreement between the German Aeroscope Center and the Swedish National Space Board. REDEMPTION stands for Removal of Debris using Material with Phase Transition IONospherical tests it is currently a work in progress.In order to combat space debris and a possible, upcoming tragic event know as Kessler Syndrome, many research groups are developing technologies able to shift space junk into a safety orbit using a newly redesigned foam. Unfortunately, at the moment, a realistic system has not yet been found. 4. Sweden is still continuing to work towards the REDEMPTION experiment, whose main goal is to propose a new system based on a spray foam that solidifies.This can be used as a link between satellites and debris and will have to work in space conditions this will avoid future collision between debris and space equipment. Works Cited http//esa. int/SPECIALS/Space_Debris/SEMQHL05VQF_0. hypertext mark-up language http//redemptionteam. blogspot. com/p/about-redemption. html http//space. com/16289-space-junk-international-response. html http//sscspace. com/rexus-12 http//un. org/apps/news/story. asp? NewsID=29908&Cr=outer+space&Cr1. ULGS8Ie7OSp

Cdr Professional Engineer

PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER Summary Statement These are the competency Units and Elements. These elements moldiness be addressed in the Summary Statement (see Section C). If you are applying for assessment as a Professional Engineer, you will need to download this page, complete it and lodge it with your application. Competency Element A instruct summary of how you have applied the element Paragraph in the career episode(s) where the element is addressed PE1 fellowship BASE PE1. Knowledge of science and engineering fundamentals PE1. 2 In-depth technical competence in at least one engineering discipline PE1. Techniques and resources PE1. 4 General Knowledge PE2 ENGINEERING ABILITY PE2. power to undertake problem identification, formulation, and solution PE2. 2 discretion of social, cultural, global, and environmental responsibilities and the need to employ principles of sustainable culture PE2. 3 Ability to utilise a systems approach to complex problems and to design and operational performance PE2. advance in engineering design PE2. 5 Ability to conduct an engineering project PE2. 6 intelligence of the business environment PE3 PROFESSIONAL ATTRIBUTES PE3. Ability to communicate in force(p)ly, with the engineering team and with the community at larger-than-life PE3. 2 Ability to manage information and documentation PE3. Capacity for creativity and innovation PE3. 4 Understanding of professional and ethical responsibilities, and commitment to them PE3. Ability to function effectively as an individual and in multidisciplinary and multicultural teams, as a team leader or manager as well as an effective team member PE3. Capacity for lifelong learning and professional development PE3. 7 Professional Attitudes

Dark Dreams Essay

In the novel Dark Dreams scallywag 47 The Waves to Freedom The Story of Nga-Huynh Diep (by Gracia Diep, aged 15), it tell us how the Vietnamese were treated. It says that the communist parties were to come and unclothe away everything that was precious in Vietnam from its people. The Vietnamese were forced to live without any freedom either below the tough supervision of the communist party or in a re-education camp.It also says that the completely bliss these people have was hope of escaping the country to have another chance at freedom in another land. In this story Nga-Huynhs family risked their lives to escape Vietnam and she was only twenty-one years of age. They went through an unrestrained and a painful journey. The only way to travel to Australia was by boat and they had to follow the smugglers. The smugglers not only let her family travel by boat but also other families as well. So it was risky. The boat may sink and they will run out of food.Nga-Huynh sacrificed a lo t for a chance at freedom and has come out maintaining her strong character. It says that the experiences of her escape from Vietnam havent weakened her they have do her into an even stronger person. Anyways she is now happily married, working woman with two daughters. She also lives in Melbourne and has found aliveness in Australia very pleasant and would even call it her home. However she would like to go back to Vietnam and chitchat what has happened to the country since she left it in 1979.

Personal Development: The skills needed to run the business successfully Essay

P3 Describe the skills needed to run the melodic line successfully and what areas require further personal development In this task I would be describing close to of the skill to run a occupation successfully and what areas require further personal development as this all important to run through to be a good sole trader.Own ContributionThis is one of the many important things to fork up to run a crease well .This is because I am the cookr of the pipeline as the leader of the pack I would have to put extra time into the work , stay behind after work to empty extra work , give me staff extra training if they need it . These little things can sponsor the business move forward faster and also it helps me as I agnise what I am doing is right for the business if I want the business to succeed.Technical/OperationalTechnical can be very effectual as it save time and money. I am very skilful a using the computer I can fix problems very easily on the computer, I am also very go od using the basic things like Microsoft word, PowerPoint and publisher this program is very useful as it lets me create leaflets which saves me money as I shamt have to ask other(a) business to create leaflets for me as I know how it is put one acrosse. I also know how to create a data base which is very helpful as it stores all the information.Product KnowledgeProduct intimacy is information that I know about my products, for physical exercise I have the product cognition of salsa and knowledge of the product is how its made, ingredients and factors such as these. That is what product knowledge. This is important to me because I am the owner of the business I will need to know how to make them and how long to keep them heated or cold, moreover another importance of knowing this skill is that if any customers asks about the product I should be able to tell them because they might be allergic to something m so if I know the product I could tell them information about the produ ct.Management abilityManagement ability is a skill that a business owner should have in order to run a business also management ability requires controlling and organisingthe business well, without management ability the business wont go the right direction. This skill is important because without having any management skills, it will be hard to manage the business and organise it well also without this skill it will be hard to manage the other employees, and make for sure all the bills and everything has been paid in order to have all these things done right on you need have the management ability.Recording and checking business murderRecording and checking business mental process is when the business checks on all the financials records and makes some records from other department too furthermore this is when a person checks on the business making sure everything is going smooth without any errors. This skill is important because without checking your business performance you wont know in which areas to improve on. If you dont check your business performance you wouldnt know what things are going wrong and right in the business and this will take to be that you wont know what to improve or change it the business.Personal merchandisingPersonal selling is having direct contact with my customers and also involves direct contact with the customers and assessing their needs and suggesting suitable product or usefulness solutions, which would help the customer out. This skill is necessary for my business because I am a sole trader so having love in this would help a lot because I will have to be selling desserts to my customers and making sure that they are satisfied with the product and service they are receiving. I dont have personal experience in this skill and I will need to learn. political scienceAdministration is what provides support for businesses operations. This involves keeping records and communicating with external groups such as customers and suppliers by sending earn and invoices and arranging payment. This skill is necessary for my business because I will need it to keep the business unionised and to make sure that things dont go wrong. do not have personal experience in administration and need to gain some experience.Previous ExperienceI do have previous experience working for a restaurant however I was able to get some experience in how to talk to customers properly and in a polite way to make sure they are satisfied with the service/product that they are receiving.Strengths and weaknessesI have a couple of military strengths and these are I can take risks and good at IT. Taking risks will help me in my business because it is always good to take risks because without taking them you might never know, it could end up good for my business. An example is that I could invest more in better packaging for my customers that like having take-away because this will fork up them that my business is caring for the customer s. However if I did not take that risk of investing a number more in it, I would have never found out if it would work or not. My strength in IT will help me a lot because I will need this skill for creating hard cash flow forecasts and even a break even forecast. This will save me money because I would have to hire someone else to do it for me as I have the skills to do it. My weaknesses are that I dont have any skills in administration yet.

Robert Frost Poetry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Robert Frost Poetry - look for ExampleThe Road Not Taken portrays the crisis of choice through a first-person narrator who describes his past deliver and its personal implications. The poem constitutes a portrait of human anxiety depicting man brooding uncomfortably over decisions made, directions taken, and chances missed. Conveying the poems theme, Robert Frost uses variety of literature elements, and antithesis evidently peerless of the central ones. Contrasting the characteristics of both routes allows Frost to demonstrate the diversity of choices available for every individual while the consequences of these choices being every bit as just as fair (Frost, 1972, p 131). In further antithesis, Frost contrasts one road as grassy and wanted wear to alternative one, wornreally about the same (Frost, 1972, p 131). Abruptly, distinguishing between for each one road, narrator asserts their similarity, revealing that both that morning equally lay/In leaves (Frost, 1972, p 131). ... Robert Frost effectively uses epithets to emphasize the indecisiveness of narrator, who found himself on the the diverging roads - just as fair, perhaps the pause claim, really about the same, all stress the complexity of narrators position. Metaphor of road less traveled by evidently refers to unconventional life choices made by the narrator, which made all the difference (Frost, 1972, p 131).In his information by Poetry, Frost once indicated that poetry provides the one permissible way of saying one thing and meaning another poets like to talk in parables and in hints and in indirections - whether from diffidence or some other instinct (Frost, 1972, p.332). Various literature elements like metaphors, epithets, and antithesis empower Frost in his aesthetic attempt to obscure the initial meaning of the poem. REFERENCESFrost, R. 1972. The Rod Not Taken, In Lathem E. and Thompson L., Robert Frost Poetry andProse, pp.329-340Frost, R. 1972. Education by Poetry, In Lathem E. and Thom pson L., Robert Frost Poetry andProse,