Amblyopia Essays -- Medicine Medical Eye Papers

Amblyopia This paper provides a brief description of amblyopia and discusses received research regarding the motion pathway in individuals with amblyopia. Amblyopia is a condition in which visual acuity in one center field is greatly reduced. It is caused by lack of stimulation or disuse during visual development (Rose, 1998). Because the affection is not fully developed at birth (Jarvis, 1992, as cited in Rose, 1998), infants need stimulation to complete the visual neural pathway. When one or both eyeball are inhibited, for example due to misalignment of one eye (strabismus) or a large difference in refractive authority between two eyes (anisometropia), the neural pathway for the inhibited eye develops abnormally, or does not develop at all. At approximately sextette years of age eye development is complete (Stager, 1990, as cited in Rose, 1998). Before visual development is complete amblyopia can be treated. If it is caught and treated at an early age, normal vision can be maintain (Rose, 1998).There are several types of amblyopia. Researchers must be aware of the mingled types of amblyopia because the effects for each are not always consistent. Strabismic amblyopia is caused when the two eyes are out of alignment due to weak musculature. Anisometropic amblyopia is a result of a large difference in refractive part of an individuals eyes. Another form of amblyopia results when visual information does not reach the retina. This is called excitant deprivation amblyopia. Meridional amblyopia is a result of the diffused images caused by astigmatism. Researchers oftentimes discover that there are differences between groups of amblyopes based on type. For example, Levi and his colleagues (1994) discover differences in vernier acuity between anisomet... ...9-1944.Hess, R. F., & Anderson, S. J. (1993). Motion sensitivity and spatial undersampling in amblyopia. mountain Research, 33, 881-896.Hess, R. F., Demanins, R., & Bex, P. J. (1997). A reduced moti on aftereffect in strabismic amblyopia. lot Research, 37, 1303-1311.Kubova, Z., Miroslav, K., Juran, J., & Blakemore, C. (1996). Is the motion system relatively spared in amblyopia? Evidence from cortical evoked responses. Vision Research, 36, 181-190.Levi, D. M., Klein, S. A., & Wang, H. (1994). Amblyopic and peripheral vernier acuity a test-pedestal approach. Vision Research, 34, 3265-3292.Levi, D. M., & Polat, U. (1996). Neural plasticity in adults with amblyopia Abstract. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the join States, 93, 6830.Rose, S. E. (1998). Amblyopia the silent thief. The Journal of School Health, 68, 2, 76-79.